Type of sleeping pad

air cushion

The air cushion is lighter than ever and is perfect for backpacking. Most air cushions now contain insulation or reflective materials for added warmth. You need to inflate them, usually your breath (most can be inflated in 3 minutes or less). However, some models have a built-in manual pump, and some brands offer a lightweight bag-type external manual pump (usually sold separately).

Advantages: The air cushion is very comfortable and lightweight, making it the most compact cushion when packed. Most are designed for backpacking or camping in warm conditions (approximately 3 R values), while others are designed for extra insulation in all seasons. When you're lying in bed, you can customize the ruggedness of the mattress by releasing some air from the valve.

Cons: Air cushions tend to be lighter and more compact. They can be punctured or torn (this is most common when sharing tents with dogs), but field repairs are not difficult. If the outside temperature fluctuates, the air cushion will feel as if it is losing air, so try to blow them up before going to bed. Although rare, moisture in the breath can become trapped inside, causing freezing problems in winter or mold problems in summer. (Use a manual pump to help prevent moisture buildup.)

Self-inflating cushion

Self-inflating cushions provide a combination of open-cell foam insulation and air. Open the valve of the pad and the air will automatically fill the chamber. Some are specifically designed for backpacks, which can be folded vertically and rolled up in the backpack. Others are designed for car camping and can be rolled up without folding. This category selects the warmest, widest, and (except closed-cell foam pads) the cheapest pads.

Pros: They are comfortable and compact, have excellent thermal insulation, and you can adjust their robustness by adding or releasing air. They are made of a stronger fabric than many air cushions and are therefore ideal for children. They don't feel like they have lost air at night.

Cons: They are heavier and more expensive than simple foam cushions, and not as compact as air cushions. Although on-site repairs are not difficult, they can be punctured or torn.

Closed-cell foam pad

These basic backpack pads are made of dense foam, filled with tiny closed bubbles. They are usually rolled or folded into a Z shape.

Advantages: They are light weight, low price, durable, and have good insulation. You don't need to worry about punctures or leaks. These are the only cushions that can be placed outside the package without worrying about damage. They can also double the cushions in the camp.

Cons: They are not very comfortable. They are relatively stiff and sturdy, so they tend to be bulky.